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Thanks for adding this, Brian. It looks like you also need to add a couple more rows to get it to work in 1.5. In addition to the "adminhtml_customer" form_code you will also need to add the "customer_account_create" and the "customer_account_edit" form codes for each attribute_id. So following your example:

INSERT INTO `database`.`customer_form_attribute` (`form_code`, `attribute_id`) VALUES ('adminhtml_customer', '542');
INSERT INTO `database`.`customer_form_attribute` (`form_code`, `attribute_id`) VALUES ('customer_account_create', '542');
INSERT INTO `database`.`customer_form_attribute` (`form_code`, `attribute_id`) VALUES ('customer_account_edit', '542');